Overview概述
Surgeryofthefootoftenisundertakentocorrectbonyabnormalities.Allthebonesofthefootcanbeapproacheddorsally;dorsalapproachesusuallyarebetterthanplantarapproachesfortwomajorreasons:
足部的手术主要是为了矫正骨骼畸形。足部所有的骨都接近背部;背侧入路通常比足底入路好,主要有两个原因:
Thecriticalneurovascularstructuresintheforepartofthefootallareontheplantarsideofthemetatarsalbones,sotheyremainprotected.
Dorsalincisionsavoidcuttingthroughthespecializedweight-bearingskinofthesoleofthefoot.
1.脚前部的关键神经血管结构都位于跖骨的足底侧,因此它们受到保护。
2.背部切口还能避免切开足底的特殊承重皮肤。
Inpathologicsituationsinwhichabnormalskinliesoverbonesthatprotrude(e.g.,metatarsalgia),aplantarapproachmayhavetobeusedandtheabnormalskinexcised.
在病理情况下,异常的皮肤位于突出的骨上(如跖骨痛),可能需要使用足底入路,并切除异常的皮肤。
Althoughthedorsalanatomyisthecriticalsurgicalanatomyofthefoot,theplantaranatomyincludesitskeyneurovascularstructures.Knowledgeofthelatterallowsthesurgeontoexplorewoundsinthesoleofthefoot,whichdonotmimicanydescribedsurgicalapproach.Forthesereasons,theanatomyofthesoleofthefootalsoisdescribedinthefollowingsection.
虽然背侧解剖是足部手术的关键,但足底解剖包括了重要的神经血管结构。掌握足底解剖知识使外科医生可以探索脚底的入路,不用模仿任何描述过入路方法。由于这些原因,脚底的解剖结构的特殊性也将在下一节中进行描述。
AnatomyoftheDorsumoftheFoot足背解剖
Theskinofthedorsumofthefootis北京治疗白癜风特色医院北京中科白殿疯医院地址